CompetencyIn this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:Articulate the roles and functions of the information technology professionalScenarioWhether you are just beginning your career in information technology or taking the next step in your career path, it is vital to understand the numerous opportunities available to you within this field. In this project, you will be conducting a survey of the information technology field that includes several career options aligned with your interests and begins to sketch out the training and certifications necessary for those roles.DirectionsThe Information Technology Field: Before you explore career options in information technology, it is important to distinguish between the various disciplines that exist within this field. In this section, you will be considering these disciplines, as well as two primary tools for information technology professionals: programming and scripting.IT Disciplines: To begin your report on careers within the information technology field, define the distinction between computer science, information systems, engineering, and information technology. In your description, first define each discipline and then describe how that discipline is related to others within IT. In your definition, address the following:What roles and careers within the IT field are related to these disciplines?What tools and technologies are most applicable to these disciplines?Programming and Scripting: Following your description of the different disciplines within information technology, explain the relationship between programming and scripting and their uses within the IT field. In your explanation, first define scripting and programming, then address the following:What distinguishes a script from a program?How would an IT professional use scripting in their work? How would they use programming?Describe a potential case where an IT professional would use a scripting language in their work. Describe a potential case where an IT professional would use a programming language in their work.Information Technology Careers: Once you have defined the fields available in the world of information technology, it is time to start examining careers. For this section, you will be examining three positions within your chosen area of interest.Careers of Interest: First, identify careers of interest within the IT field. You will choose an appropriate entry-level position, mid-level position, and ultimately the position you will strive to achieve. Then, determine whether each position is most closely aligned with information technology, computer science, information systems, or engineering. In your report, describe the roles and responsibilities of each of these careers. As evidence, ensure that you are submitting the job postings referenced in your report.Tools and Technologies: Next, within each of your identified careers, describe the tools and technologies specific to your chosen IT roles. For each career, identify and describe various tools, including hardware and software, that a professional working in that career would use.Training and Certifications: Finally, identify education, training, and certifications necessary for chosen IT roles. For your identified roles, describe these trainings and certifications, using the information in your identified job postings and descriptions as a reference. For each training and certification, describe its utility in the information technology field and sketch out how an interested person would obtain each certification. Finally, describe the transferable skills within these certifications and how they might prepare you for other careers and fields within the information technology profession.What to SubmitTo complete this project, you must submit the following:Information Technology Career ReportYou will create a report describing the information technology field, including distinguishing between the various disciplines within the IT field and identifying at least three careers of interest within the field. This report should be between 800–1,200 words. You should also include copies of your selected job postings for your instructor’s reference.
lecture_for_project_2_it.docx
it_project_2_guidelines_and_rubric.pdf
Unformatted Attachment Preview
Scripting and Programming
Explore the unit resources, which will help you learn how to articulate the
differences between scripting and programming and describe the
purposes of each.
Required Resources
Reading: Information Technology: An Introduction for Today’s Digital
World opens in new window, Chapter 14
Suggested Sections:
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Types of Languages (7 pages)
A Brief Examination of High Level Programming Languages (10 pages)
IT professionals often need to write scripts to support the information
systems that they administer. This chapter introduces the programming
task and describes the types of programming language instructions
found in most programming languages: input and output instructions,
assignment statements, selection statements, iteration statements, and
subroutines. Consider the following as you read:
What are the differences between high-level language and low-level
programming?
In what ways are high-level programming languages easier to use than
machine language and assembly language?
What are the types of programming language instructions?
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What are three improvements to high-level programming languages
between the first language, FORTRAN, and today?
For a computer user, is there any value in understanding how to write
computer programs?
Website: Introduction to Scripting Languages opens in new window
Programming is an umbrella term that applies to all computer languages.
One type of programming is scripting. This article describes the way that
scripting works (i.e., it does not require the compilation step and instead
is interpreted), the various types of scripting languages, and the
interfaces in which they work. As you read this article, consider why
scripting is advantageous when working within a web development
environment and also how it might be helpful to server administrators
and IT professionals.
Also consider the following as you read:
How might knowing how to write a script help IT professionals?
In what ways is scripting used in web applications?
How might scripting be used to manage servers and other types of
information systems?
How does scripting enable a website to be more interactive?
Video: Early Programming: Crash Course Computer Science #10 opens
in new window (9:26)
This video describes the history of programming and the revolutionary
changes that moved computing from punch cards and plug tables to
consoles of switches. As you watch this video, consider how
programming languages were an attempt to make using computers
easier to use, flexible, faster, and more accessible.
Also consider the following as you watch this video:
How does a program get into a computer?
What is the importance of John Von Neumann Architecture?
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What were the limitations of early programming involving punch cards?
Video: What Is JavaScript? opens in new window (2:16)
JavaScript is unique in that it runs in your internet browser and not on a
server. This is why it is classified as a scripting language and not just a
programming language. This video explores what JavaScript can do.
One of its main features is that it makes websites interactive. As you
watch this video, try to identify the other unique features and advantages
of JavaScript.
Also consider the following as you watch this video:
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What is JavaScript?
How is JavaScript different from other types of programming
languages?
How does JavaScript work with HTML and CSS within a website?
Video: The First Programming Languages: Crash Course Computer
Science #11 opens in new window (11:51)
This video investigates the fundamental building blocks of programming
languages. As you watch, pay attention to how conditional statements
like IF and ELSE statements, WHILE loops, and FOR loops control the
flow of programs in nearly all programming languages.
Also consider the following as you watch this video:
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In what ways is a computer program like a cooking recipe?
How do programmers use things like statements and functions when
writing code?
What do IF and ELSE statements allow programmers to do?
Reading: What’s the Difference Between Scripting and Coding? opens
in new window
This article compares scripting to coding (aka programming) and
discusses their nuances. The basic idea is that scripting is code used to
automate processes that would otherwise need to be executed step-by-
step by a programmer. It works inside another application to enhance
that application. A programming language works directly with the
computer to command it how to behave. This article tells us that most
computer programming languages were inspired by or built upon
concepts from previous computer programming languages.
Consider the following as you read:
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Is there a difference between coding and programming?
In what ways is coding an umbrella term that applies to all computer
languages?
What are some of the more popular scripting languages?
What does it mean that coding is a genre and scripting is a subgenre?
Video: Bjarne Stroustrup: Why I Created C++ opens in new
window (4:47)
C++ was a revolutionary language because of its ability to make
computing efficient and more “human.” The first programming languages
were mathematical and didn’t relate well to the general world around us.
C++ changed this and established what became known as objectoriented programming. It could be used to address a wider array of
human problems and situations.
Consider the following as you watch this video:
What is a class in computer programming?
Why was the establishment of a class so important to computing?
What are some of the drawbacks of C++?
What happens when we need to update or change code?
Additional Support (Optional)
Video: Introduction to Regular Expressions – Programming with
Text opens in new window (11:14)
This video gives an overview of a scripting feature called regular
expressions. It includes a discussion of what they are and how they are
used. The video also covers how they can be used by nonprogrammers
as a tool to quickly access and edit files and documents.
Consider the following as you watch this video:
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How are regular expressions used?
How can regular expressions be used as a tool for nonprogrammers?
Website: A History of Computer Programming Languages opens in new
window
Computer programming is a necessary and important part of our world
today, running almost every device and machine we use. Computer
programming languages allow us to tell machines what to do. Machines
and humans “think” very differently, so programming languages are
necessary to allow us to interact with them. This article explores the
history of programming and the individuals who developed the computer
programming languages we use today.
Consider the following as you read:
Who developed the computer programming languages we use today?
Why were programming languages necessary?
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In what ways have programming languages evolved to meet changing
human needs?
Reading: I Don’t Speak Your Language: Frontend vs. Backend opens in
new window
When IT experts talk about the front end of the web, they are describing
the part of the web that you are familiar with and use every day. The
front end usually consists of two parts: the web design and front-end
web development. Some languages used to program the front end of the
web are HTML, JavaScript, and CSS. The back end usually consists of
three parts: a server, an application, and a database. Once you’ve
entered information into a web application, the application stores it in a
database that was created on a server. Ruby, PHP, and Python are
examples of back-end languages.
Consider the following as you read:
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What is the difference between front-end and back-end development?
How is the front end of the web designed?
What tools are used to design a website?
What languages are used on the back end of a website?
Why do IT professionals need to understand the difference between
front end and back end?
Video: What Is Ruby on Rails? opens in new window (1:40)
Some of the biggest websites in the world currently use Ruby on Rails,
including sites like Hulu, Groupon, SoundCloud, Airbnb, Codecademy,
Kickstarter, and Indiegogo. This video gives several reasons as to why
Ruby on Rails is so popular and relatively easy to learn.
Consider the following as you watch this video:
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What is Ruby on Rails?
What does it mean when someone says that Ruby is a back-end
language?
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What are the advantages to using a language like Ruby?
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