Complete this populations lab. I did the lab and added the pics, so all I need is for the lab to be filled out from pre-lab questions to the post lab questions after experiment 5. For reference, I will also provide the directions for the experiments. No plagiarism. Answer all of the questions the best you can.
population_lab.docx
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Population Genetics
PRE-LAB QUESTIONS
Assumptions:
●
There are approximately 3,000,000,000 base pairs in the mammalian genome (genes
constitute only a portion of this total).
●
There are approximately 10,000 genes in the mammalian genome.
●
A single gene averages 10,000 base pairs in size.
●
Only 1 out of 3 mutations that occur in a gene result in a change to the protein structure.
In the mammalian genome:
1. How many total base-pairs are in all the mammalian genes?
2. What proportion (%) of the total genome does this represent?
3. What is the probability that a random mutation will occur in any given gene?
4. What is the probability that a random mutation will change the structure of a protein?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
EXPERIMENT 1: GENETIC VARIATION
Post-Lab Questions
BEAKER 1
BEAKER 2
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
Part 1
1. What is the initial gene pool of beaker #1?
2. What is the initial gene pool of beaker #2?
3. What is the initial gene frequency of beaker #1?
4. What is the initial gene frequency of beaker #2?
5. What can you say about the genetic variation between these populations?
Part 2
1. What is the new gene pool of beaker #1?
2. What is the new gene pool of beaker #2?
3. What is the new gene frequency of beaker #1?
4. What is the new gene frequency of beaker #2?
5. What can you say about the genetic variation between these populations after mixing?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
EXPERIMENT 2: GENETIC DRIFT
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
Post-Lab Questions
1. What observations can you make regarding the gene pool and gene frequency of the
surviving individuals? How does this change with multiple trials?
2. Do the results vary between the populations represented by beakers #1 and #2? Why or
why not?
3. How will the removal of individuals from the different populations affect the genotypes of
future generations? How is this different from the genotypes that would have resulted if
those individuals had not been removed?
4. Suppose you have a population of 300 butterflies. If the population experiences a net
growth of 12% in the following year, how many butterflies do you have?
5. Now suppose you have 300 eggs, but only 70% of those eggs become caterpillars, and
only 80% of the caterpillars become adult butterflies. How many butterflies do you have?
(For simplicity, assume that all butterflies survive to the next year in this example.)
6. Suppose you have a population of 150 butterflies, but a wildfire devastates the
population and only 24 butterflies survive. What percent does the colony decrease by?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
EXPERIMENT 3: STOCHASTIC EVENTS
Post-Lab Questions
1. What observations can you make regarding the gene pool and gene frequency of the
founding individuals?
2. Do these results vary between beakers #1 and #2? Why or why not?
3. What observations can you make about the genetic variation between the parent and
founding populations? How does the source of the founding population (Beaker 1 or
Beaker 2) influence these results?
4. How will future generations from Beaker 3 differ from those of their parent populations?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
EXPERIMENT 4: NATURAL SELECTION
***USE YOUR IMAGINATION AND TAKE YOUR BEST GUESS AS TO WHAT BEADS
WOULD FALL ON THE COLORFUL IMAGES. I HAD NO WAY OF PRINTING THESE AND
USE THE BEADS ON THEM.***
Experimental Results
Distribution of colors after Step 6:
a. Blue:
b. Red:
Do you observe a selective advantage for the red or blue beads? Why?
Distribution of colors after Step 7:
a. Blue:
b. Red:
Post-Lab Questions
1. How did the distribution of phenotypes change over time in the two different
environments?
2. For the two different environments, is there a selective advantage or disadvantage for
the red and/or blue phenotypes?
3. What phenotypic results for each environment would you predict if starting with the
following population sizes?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
a. 1000:
b. 100:
c. 10:
EXPERIMENT 5: SICKLE CELL ANEMIA INHERITANCE
PATTERNS
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
***JUST ASSUME THE PROCESS WAS DONE 7 TIMES AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
THE BEST YOU CAN***
Post-Lab Questions
1. What is the final ratio of alleles?
2. Were either of the alleles selected against?
3. Given enough generations, would you expect one of these alleles to completely
disappear from the population? Why or why not?
4. Would this be different if you started with a larger population? Smaller?
5. After hundreds or even thousands of generations both alleles are still common in those
of African ancestry. How would you explain this?
6. The worldwide distribution of sickle gene matches very closely to the worldwide
distribution of malaria (see images below). What is the significance of this?
© eScience Labs, 2018
Population Genetics
© eScience Labs, 2018
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